From the book proposal I'm working on, tentatively titled OUTSIDE: Spiritual Nomads and the Way Beyond Religion:
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When you live inside a tradition, and that includes scientific secularism, you agree to view life through its window -- an outlook, a way of framing reality, carefully preserved through time. That frame has a fixed form, originally designed by and for a world long gone. It can allow embellishments or simplifications, but not ideas -- not even self-evident truths -- so new or foreign that they would pull it apart and make it unrecognizable. Every tradition demands that you accept its inherited ideas, even those that violate our evolving understanding -- Jesus’ mother was a virgin! the universe is blind, mindless matter! -- and reject or give second-class status to ideas from other sources, even those that might better illuminate reality. These demands are presented as tests of faith, but they are always also loyalty oaths to authority, and shibboleths proving membership in a tribe. Because of people’s natural need for security and belonging -- and not least of all, their need just to make some basic assumptions and get on with life -- it can easily happen that the frame becomes the view. Fidelity to one way of looking becomes more important than seeing.
“Outsiders” have all the same human needs -- for community, for a conceptual operating system, for metaphysical and not just physical shelter -- but they find themselves unable to deny the central fact of our time: that all the old certainties are being destroyed by two great new transforming forces, science and globalization. (Science is now evolving so fast it’s trashing its own certainties.) To defend any crumbling fortress of certainty today is to go to war not only with the defenders of other certainties, but with reality itself. The reality is that we’re being hurled back to square one, to a naked primordial unknowing face to face with the universe that challenges us to rediscover it from the ground up. News of other cultures, other galaxies, maybe even other universes (as in string theory), leaves us feeling we know as little as the hairy primate who stood up clutching those first stone tools of the mind, “What?” and “How?” and “Why?”
But the same forces that are stripping away the answers are equipping us as never before to live in the open questions. When you swear exclusive allegiance to no one tradition, their multiplicity is no longer a threat but a vast resource: the record of over 10,000 years of research, a grand reference library for the study of reality (not a “salad bar,” the prevailing meme that trivializes outsiders’ interest in all traditions). Like the spinning thigh bone that becomes a waltzing space station in the movie “2001,” “What?” and “How?” and “Why?” have become the Book of Genesis and the Hubble Telescope, the Rig Veda and the particle accelerator, the Origin of Species and Mitakuye oyasin (Lakota: “all my relatives”), the scientific method and zazen. These great documents and instruments, and thousands more, now belong to all of us.
While no one can encompass more than a tiny sliver of it all, no part of it is off limits to anyone on earth who dares to reach across fading boundaries; it’s our heritage. And it’s as packed with potential remedies for the crises we face as the Amazon rainforest. Each of us personally, and all of us collectively, can search its entire database for insight and direction as we find our way through a radically reconfigured reality by maps we’re still drawing -- a work that, bit by bit, adds up to a new revelation. (Though great prophets may come, or technocrats may bid to replace them, ours is not a messianic age but a demotic one – “of or relating to the common people.” I like to think of this mosaic or holographic process of building a new vision out of billions of individual choices and glimpses as “the democratization of revelation.” And, of course, it’s carried and hurried by technology: the remote satellite feed, the Airbus, and the Internet.)
The irony is that every tradition would be a vital tributary to this process if they could only be trusted not to go for each other’s throats – or come after the rest of us with a flaming sword. The mutation that turns the benign “This is right for me” into the malignant “This is right for you” can infect any religion, including scientific secularism. Its root is denied doubt -- if everyone else doesn’t affirm that I’m right, I might be wrong! – and its fruit is the destruction of vital diversity. God forbid everyone should think alike! The fact that we have not just books or recordings, but living people keeping alive the practice of Amish barn-raising, Talmudic disputation, djembe drumming, and Tonglen meditation is an amazing treasure. It’s as important for culture as the preservation of original wild seed stocks is for agriculture – living seeds, not just the genomes of the extinct. If everyone in the world became a “global nomad,” the very heritage that “outsiders” draw on would be lost. But if no one did, our chance of a common future would be slaughtered on the altars of a thousand pasts.
Some people are called to preserve and transmit a tradition in its purest form. Others are called to try to integrate their inherited or chosen tradition with the new global and scientific realities. Good for them. But “come out, come out, wherever you are” is a calling, too. In fact, it may just be the unceasing call of the Spirit. And each time we humans heed it, as in the myths of the Pueblo Indians, we emerge into a more spacious, more wondrous world.
(©2006 Annie Gottlieb)
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UPDATE: Answer to Seth
Responding to my request for responses, Seth Chalmer wrote a truly generous post about this post. In it he said:
My only little quibble is that my own corner of the spiritual tapestry is not represented in that linear conceptual form. To me, loyalty or exclusivity to one tradition and openness to the world do not make a sliding scale, or a zero-sum game. Both are possible simultaneously. Adherering to one's own beliefs -- and here I refer not only to rituals and cultural flavors, but to actual dogma and specific theology as well -- does not mean invalidating other beliefs. The world is complicated enough to hold multiple truths that may seem contradictory. [ . . . ] I have respect for those of you who are spiritual nomads. You reject a home tradition and roam free. I guess I simply have a different definition of the boundaries of my tradition. I insist I can walk with you, side by side, seeing what you see, learning what you learn, and still stay within my tradition's borders. Those borders are further off than the human mind could ever go.
Dear Seth, my post was an excerpt from the book-introduction-in-progress. I want you to know that the passage immediately preceding the above was what follows -- and that you were one of the people I was thinking of as I wrote it:
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The crucial divide, as this new millennium opens, isn’t “God or Not” -- the title of a monthly duel between devout and debunking bloggers. It’s between those who are sure they know the answers (or know the only place to find the answers), and those who are living the questions. This could actually prove to be a matter of life and death. Daring not to know may be the only way humans will survive our fraught, nuclear-armed reunion, because it’s our bedrock ignorance and wonder that unite us. Even two groups of people who are killing each other over their answers have the same questions. What is real? What is good? Who are my people? What do we owe each other? Who says so? Why do innocents suffer and evildoers prosper? Where did I come from? Why do my beloved ones and I have to die? Then what? How can I live without knowing?
It should be said right away: there are religious people, and there are atheists, who are living the questions. You’ll know them by their fearless openness to differing points of view. Their devotion to one way of approaching the mystery doesn’t rule out every other way. They are capable of coexisting, and even collaborating with people of different traditions, or none, to explore and honor reality. Yet it’s a rare mind, especially in the West, that can really hold both belief and openness. The tension between the two is always threatening to become a flat-out contradiction. The believer’s sincere interest in other views is often tinged with condescension or defensiveness, ready, if provoked, to break out in a fight.
That’s why I’m outside.
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Seth, you went on to say:
Besides, the truly pious of every tradition are humble before the miracle of existence. The truly pious are also open enough to be able to explore the world through their own traditions for their entire lives, without running into limits beyond which they may not look. The truly pious don't fear knowledge. The Talmud says that there is nothing in the world which the Torah does not contain. This means that any question can be asked.
Ah, if only this were true. I'm sure it is true of an exceptional soul like Rav Heschel. But the sad story of the banning of Nosson Slifkin, the "Zoo Rabbi," shows how often, within the mystical depths of our own tradition, it is not true.
But I'll always be happy to walk with you, side by side, learning not only with you, but from you.
UPDATE II: Here's another great response, at Ales Rarus. A put-down, actually, of the narcissistic fence-sitting self-idolizing Spiritual Nomad -- but an eloquent one. I am out to refute the assumption of traditionalists, on display here, that you can't be a serious, moral, committed, communitarian, sometimes self-effacing person outside tradition, that if you were such a person, you would by definition be found properly inside one tradition or another. So it will be interesting to watch the sparks fly.
Bravo.
The image called to mind is those photo-mosaics: pictures of people from every walk of life that transform, from a few paces back, into the Statue of Liberty.
Posted by: AmbivaBro | February 16, 2006 at 01:14 PM
Thank you. You have put into words, more eloquently and with broader knowledge, that which I've felt for awhile now but haven't dared to express. I'm going to have to pass this on. :)
I adore your blog, and your writing inspires me to try to do better with my own, however amateurish and unpublished.
Posted by: flashcat | February 16, 2006 at 01:53 PM
... it can easily happen that the frame becomes the view. Fidelity to one way of looking becomes more important than seeing.
Um, is it possible to pre-order copies of a book for yourself and several of your friends while it's still in the proposal stage?
(I wish there were such things as petition-for-publication drives.)
The mutation that turns the benign “This is right for me” into the malignant “This is right for you” can infect any religion, including scientific secularism. Its root is denied doubt -- if everyone else doesn’t affirm that I’m right, I might be wrong! – and its fruit is the destruction of vital diversity.
The excessive need for and expectation of personal validation--irresponsibly, actively, and recklessly encouraged and praised for three to four decades now--is, if not the root of, then the Miracle Gro for, some of our most thorny problems. It's almost impossible to get through the resulting thicket to create an even marginally smooth path forward.
Your writing is inspiring, Amba; I wish I could more optimistic that people could act from a place of inspiration, rather than instigation.
Posted by: reader_iam | February 16, 2006 at 02:33 PM
Thank you . . . I'm very aware that thinking this way is a luxury, maybe the ultimate luxury. Very privileged. But so be it.
Posted by: amba | February 16, 2006 at 02:36 PM
Yes, Bravo. I especially liked "not a messianic age but a demotic one." And just today I've been reading a little about the theory of the holographic universe, a/k/a Implicate Order, so I'm intrigued to see you using that metaphor. Keep us informed about the proposal!
Posted by: Richard Lawrence Cohen | February 16, 2006 at 03:15 PM
Great, really great. I am looking forward to your book amba. I thought I was the only person who felt that way -- guess I am not unique after all!
Did you read "The Outsider," by the way?
Posted by: realpc | February 16, 2006 at 04:24 PM
Although I am purposely trying to spend less time reading and commenting on blogs, I just wanted to echo the praise of others. Wow. This is really good.
And certainly, it is very needed. We certainly need more manifestos in favor of "radical spiritual centrism." It is a much needed counterbalance to the those (from the secular or liberal) perspective who seem to exude such anxiety and worry in the face of the new uncertainty. It is also needed as a rigorous defense of the (non)faith of radical spiritual centrism against those salad bowl critics -- to whom I say, the next time you go to a restaurant, fix yourself a nice plate of just lettuce or just olives and see how wonderful your purity tastes! :) O amba, be our Thomas Aquinas!
Posted by: eustochius | February 16, 2006 at 04:37 PM
Wow is right! Can't wait for the book. Are you taking pre-orders for signed copies?
Posted by: meade | February 16, 2006 at 05:38 PM
Well, Meade, that's a loooooong way off. But you've got one, count on it.
Posted by: amba | February 16, 2006 at 07:01 PM
Interestingly, reader_iam's comments and quotation of two passages are identical to what I came here to write. Those two are worthy of repeating since they so succinctly capture both the trap and the danger of channelled traditionalism.
"...the frame becomes the view. Fidelity to one way of looking becomes more important than seeing." amba, that is beautiful! This really says it all...
"The mutation that turns the benign 'This is right for me' into the malignant 'This is right for you' can infect any religion, including scientific secularism. Its root is denied doubt -- if everyone else doesn’t affirm that I’m right, I might be wrong ..." This really reduces ones adherence to religious, spiritual or secular tradition to what it must ultimately be: personal choice based on personal needs. The radicalism that can be generated out of this self-doubt is the underpinning of much of what we find frightening and threatening in today's world.
Posted by: Winston | February 19, 2006 at 08:26 AM
amba,
I think traditions are necessary for a sense of belonging to a community. I can understand why people belong to a church and accept its beliefs, even if the beliefs don't always seem rational. Following a tradition gives you a community, and it also gives you faith, and I think faith is the most powerful force there is.
Conflicts occur when two different faiths cannot both be true, such as Judaism and Christianity.
In early sections of the Old Testament, Yahweh is described as the best and most powerful god, and not until later do the prophets refer to him as the only real god, with all others being lifeless statues. If Yahweh is the only god, then only Judaism can be a valid relgion. This was, possibly, the beginning of Western religious intolerance. Polytheists always have room for more gods, and can easily assimilate foreign traditions.
Christianity continued the tradition of monotheistic intolerance by claiming Jesus was the only path to salvation.
Nowdays, people can follow different religious traditons without conflict, if their traditions involve generic mysticism, rather than specific gods. But even then we have the conflict between supernaturalism and scientific materialism. Atheists and believers can get very angry with each other, since both cannot be right.
Atheism is a faith, I think. It gives people a sense of intellectual superiority, and they don't have to be afraid of ghosts or worry about what happens after death. One of the central philosophical debates of our time is between atheism and supernaturalism, as expressed of course in the Intelligent Design controversy.
Anyway, I do think we can choose a tradition and follow it, knowing that it is only one way of looking at things.
Posted by: realpc | February 20, 2006 at 01:50 PM
realpc, I must dispute your assertion that if "Yahweh" is the only God, then only Judaism can be valid. Some ancient rabbis of Talmudic times (who were not by any means polytheists!) interpreted certain Torah passages to mean that righteous people of other religions were in fact worshipping the One True God, even if they used other names.
Amba, my quibble is perfectly assuaged by that other passage. Consider me unbequibbled. I definitely agree that openness is all too rare, and that closed-minded faith is predominant. As to Rav Slifkin and the ridiculous banning of his books, I can only say that I think the majority of all people, in or out of traditions, do not like to be made to think. I also think that Rav Slifkin's brand of faith IS the purer form of Judaism, whereas those who censor him are the ones who have deviated from the path. Yet, as you say, the latter outnumber the former.
In any case, I am one of the throng eagerly awaiting this book!
Posted by: Seth Chalmer | February 21, 2006 at 12:33 AM
I don't know which is more vivid, the notion of a "perfectly assuaged quibble" (one imagines some goofy-looking seabird grooming its rumpled feathers) or the word "unbequibbled." Either way, thanks.
Posted by: amba | February 21, 2006 at 01:34 AM
"Yet it’s a rare mind, especially in the West, that can really hold both belief and openness. The tension between the two is always threatening to become a flat-out contradiction. The believer’s sincere interest in other views is often tinged with condescension or defensiveness, ready, if provoked, to break out in a fight.
I keep contemplating this excerpt and will continue you to do, as a number of things niggle at me.
First, I must say that I keep finding my brow furrowed at "belief" and "openness" presented as such a dichotomy. Perhaps I'm interpreting belief in the "small b" sense, while you're implying it in the "big B" sense? Otherwise, this strikes me as a bit of an artificial severing.
The other thing, for now, is that I don't see how "condescension or defensiveness, ready, if provoked, to break out in a fight" is inherently a larger potential pitfall for someone from a particular belief system than for a spiritual nomad. (It's important to keep in mind that this is in context of someone with a "sincere interest," which openness, to some degree.)
"[C]ondescension or defensiveness, ready, if provoked, to break out in a fight" is a human tendency--to a degree, a key component of the human condition even--and I don't see how being a spiritual nomad, in and of itself, exempts one from this. When I think of people I know or have known who would probably fall into the nomad category, I see a range of vulnerability to this human tendency, and the immunity seems more a factor of personality or character, as with any other group. (And, again like the other groups, immunity is rarer than susceptibility.)
It may very well be that I'm reading too much into this. But I'd be interested if you indeed mean to imply that so-called believers are more prone to condescension or defensivess, and why that's more a product of their faith-tradition-based belief than their personalities etc. etc. etc.
Posted by: reader_iam | February 22, 2006 at 04:36 PM
As I hope I made clear enough, I don't mean ALL believers, by any means. Anyone who is interested in and respectful of other avenues to the (one) truth, who even admits there are other legitimate avenues to the truth, isn't afflicted with this problem. The trouble is that so many people think their way of approaching the truth IS THE truth.
Look at the attacks, sort of, on what I said at Ales Rarus and Sago Boulevard. I don't subscribe to either of their belief systems, but I don't think they are wrong. They think I am very wrong, though. They certainly don't agree with each other about the specifics, but they agree that within one traditional religion or another is the ONLY legitimate way to approach the truth. Funny, that's not how Abraham or Jesus or Buddha approached the truth. (Jesus reportedly said during his life, "No one comes to the Father but through Me," he didn't say "No one comes to the Father but through some branch of the elaborate religion founded in my name.")
Somehow, if we're to survive, people are going to have to learn to give their heart and soul to a system without having to believe it's the absolute and final and one and only or even the best for everybody. There are certainly already people who can do that: you, and Seth, and David, and some of our friendly atheists around here.
Posted by: amba | February 22, 2006 at 05:22 PM
They certainly don't agree with each other about the specifics, but they agree that within one traditional religion or another is the ONLY legitimate way to approach the truth.
That belief, though, is far more quintessentially true of Islam and Christianity than of the world's other major religions. Which, combined with their concurrent belief in a literal Heaven and Hell, seems to me to be a major explainer of their success - at least, if "success" can be measured in number of adherents.
Which makes me think in turn that your book proposal is itself quintessentially Jewish, in its bold assertion of the right to wander, theologically and otherwise. Having been hectored, badgered, and sometimes persecuted by Christian and Islamic majorities for so long, a stubborn insistence on the value of religious disagreement strikes me as an eternal Jewish virtue. This also makes it distinct from Hinduism, another broadly tolerant religion, but tolerant in the sense that it claims all other religions are subsects of itself.
In saying this, I really don't mean to echo your brother's argument in picking a tradition to stick with. I guess I mean more cryptically that being a "spiritual nomad" may be a tradition unto itself, and one that is deeply intertwined with Judaism.
Posted by: Tom Strong | February 22, 2006 at 07:11 PM
Yep, Tom -- you know whereof you speak -- I'm very aware that there's something inescapably Jewish about what I'm doing! :)
Posted by: amba | February 22, 2006 at 08:31 PM
amba,
I found this refreshing. And Tom's observation sits with my own observations of Jewish practice and faith as well. Some of us are trying to find ways within our traditions that honour wandering and the journey over the arrival. This is essential to Benedictine practice at any rate.
Posted by: *Christopher | February 23, 2006 at 05:39 PM
And, as I basically said to Seth, I'll march with you, or stroll with you, any day, and hope to learn from you.
Posted by: amba | February 23, 2006 at 05:43 PM
"those who are living the questions"
Atheism isn't a faith, calling it a faith is a cheap jibe from those who fear that atheist might just be right.
Atheism gives us the freedom to ask all those really difficult questions which religion claims for itself.
Good luck with the book!!
Posted by: A China Teapot | February 26, 2006 at 11:34 AM
Thanks! Whether it's a "faith" or not depends entirely on how you live it. Difficult questions are the point -- and not being sure we yet (through science) have final answers about the nature of things ("is that your final answer?").
Posted by: amba | February 26, 2006 at 12:49 PM
I'm very sympathetic to the approach that you are taking, but I would hesitate to embrace the Cartesian bracketing of everything we thought we knew as tired certainties. You've read enough of my blog to know that I am hardly one for supporting what I describe as a zombie traditionalism, but for me that doesn't mean that what traditionalists understood to be real is not. . It's just that zombie traditionalists have the wrong relationship to tit. They worship the peanut shells of somebody who stayed a while for a snack and left. Nevertheless someone worth taking seriously was there, and the peanut shells are a clue. The shells have importance not in themselves but in what they point to.
Or to put it another way, the truth is a living dynamic evolving and like the shapeshifters we read about in kids fantasies, the form is only a temporary manifestation of the living thing that manifests as form. But there is something there, and it has a self-same identity; it's just that our mode of cognizing it has to be different than just taking the form for granted as its identity.
That sounds like gobbledegook, and probably is. I'll try to give the questiion some more thoughtful attention in a future post in my blog. But I guess that what I'm trying to say here is that the trick is to be rooted in something and at the same time not to idolize it. So being a spiritual nomad is one way to avoid idolatry, but it's also avoids the depth that can only come from being rooted and accepting the discipline and frustration that often comes with that. But then again, if being a nomad means following the trail of peanut shells, I'm all for it.
Posted by: Jack Whelan | March 22, 2006 at 09:07 PM
Jack,
No, it's not gobbledygook. If you read my dialogue with Seth Chalmer at the end of that excerpt, you know I consider people who are rooted in a tradition, yet open, to be the very definition of good company, people to learn from and with.
It may be one day I'll admit the obvious, that I am rooted in the Jewish tradition. Actually I don't deny that at all, I just can't shut myself inside it. I don't want to have to keep the mitzvah of kashrut and so not be able to break bread with my non-Jewish friends, which really means not being able to have non-Jewish friends. And I don't want to be told I have to stay away from Jesus. If that makes me a dodger of salutary "discipline and frustration," guilty as charged.
Here's something else that will be worked into my book somewhere, that may explain where I'm coming from:
Posted by: amba | March 22, 2006 at 10:16 PM
Hi,This is an important message. Please read and pass it along. I have a message to tell you about
Revelation. The message is from God, Jesus and the Holy Ghost respectively sent in the Spring of 2006. It is about the meaning of First is Last and Last is First . The message is this:
In the morning I go to Heaven. In the afternoon I live my life. In the evening I die, death.What does this mean? In other words this means Birth is Last and Last is Birth. To understand this don't think from point A to point B. Think of this as a continous circle of life. Birth, Life, Death, Birth. God also said that Judgment will be before Birth in Heaven. As birth on Earth is painful so will birth in Heaven. It is possible that this message was delivered by one of God's Angels. Yes, God has recently made contact and he sent a messenger. Spread this message along, just like a chain letter. Tell two people. Oh, another story that I thought was interesting. Did you know that Mike Douglas died on his Birthday. Melanie Stephan
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | July 12, 2007 at 08:59 PM
Hi Amba, While I am here I thought I should rock your world a little more. Jesus also told this person "Who Killed JFK". The person that shot the president was a policeman. He was hiding behind a tree as John Kennedy drove toward him. The Letters in the shooter name are F. Ritter. There is more than one person. So does this policeman go to hell? What if he comes forward and asks forgiveness, does God forgive him? Melanie Stephan
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | July 12, 2007 at 09:08 PM
One more thing. God, Jesus and the Holy Ghost made contact with someone that is outside of the Church. Jesus picked a regular person. Someone that does not read the bible or go to Church. That is right he didn't contact the Pope, a Priest or a nice Church Lady. You go figure that one out. Melanie Stephan
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | July 12, 2007 at 09:14 PM
You can read more of what God had to say during the month of Aug. 2007, on this website Non-Prophet, Are you going to Hell? Melanie also gives PROOF that God made contact on this site. The proof is in the story of 3 famous people Mike Douglas, Merv Griffin and Nancy Reagan. I hope you get it. God went to a lot of trouble to get his message out. He is also worried about all of his creations.
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | August 27, 2007 at 10:46 AM
God had this to say on Aug. 15, 2007: "We each die in succession, then we are born on the same day."
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | August 27, 2007 at 10:48 AM
I thought you might be interested in the newly published Open Source Spirituality Manifesto if you have not seen it before. It is found at http://www.integrativespirituality.org/postnuke/html/modules.php?op=modload&name=Sections&file=index&req=viewarticle&artid=283
Please copy and paste into your browser if the link doesn't work.
The manifesto is interesting in that it contains not only the history of open source spirituality, but a comprehensive discussion of what it is and as well as what are its key operational and administrative principles…
Sincerely,
Eva
Posted by: Eva | August 19, 2008 at 04:42 PM
Thanks, Eva! I had never heard of this. Yet we're saying much the same thing. I guess that should not be surprising.
I'll put a live link here for others to follow since otherwise links get cut off by the comment form.
Open Source Spirituality Manifesto: "For its primary source code #1 the evolutionary, open source spirituality movement uses all the available sources from humanity’s great heritage of spiritual wisdom. This also includes current science related information . . ."
My post: "Like the spinning thigh bone that becomes a waltzing space station in the movie “2001,” “What?” and “How?” and “Why?” have become the Book of Genesis and the Hubble Telescope, the Rig Veda and the particle accelerator, the Origin of Species and Mitakuye oyasin (Lakota: “all my relatives”), the scientific method and zazen. These great documents and instruments, and thousands more, now belong to all of us.
While no one can encompass more than a tiny sliver of it all, no part of it is off limits to anyone on earth who dares to reach across fading boundaries; it’s our heritage.... Each of us personally, and all of us collectively, can search its entire database for insight and direction as we find our way through a radically reconfigured reality by maps we’re still drawing -- a work that, bit by bit, adds up to a new revelation."
Posted by: amba | August 19, 2008 at 04:50 PM
I am just amazed at the double talk here. The ablity to put two words together so eloguently that all meaning to what was said is lost. All that is left to the mind is, "What were they trying so hard to say"?
If you have something to say make it as simple and as short as possible. Make it brief. That is how God talks.
Posted by: Melanie Stephan | November 17, 2009 at 08:50 PM